Understanding Death: The Emptiness Machine
- mhajieva
- Dec 28, 2024
- 12 min read
Dedicated to those who tragically lost their lives in the Azerbaijan Airlines Flight 8243 crash on December 25, 2024, en route from Baku to Grozny. 💔
When Ari Aster described the movie Midsommar as a story of a breakup, many people wondered how a breakup could be depicted with the frameworks of death in the context of a folk-horror film. What if I suggested there is a parallel between death, break-up, and the end of a chapter in life?
Here in this post, death is used as a metaphorical parallel to an end, while every end is also about a new beginning. I am going to explore various perspectives on the understanding of the death phenomenon to dive into deeper layers of the context. Linkin Park's The Emptiness Machine is an inspirational song for this writing.
Death as End & Beginning
Death is not merely a biological phenomenon but represents the end of existence itself. While the precise definition of death remains controversial, it is often seen as a state that marks the end of life, shrouded in mystery and shaped by cultural and legal interpretations (Encyclopedia Britannica).
In Azerbaijani, the concepts of olum (being, existence) and ölüm (death, absence) are viewed as opposites, with olum representing life and existence, while ölüm signifies an ending that cannot be avoided or undone. Similarly, the Russian language defines death as the complete end of any activity (Ожегов & Шведова, 1952).
Islam and Christianity
As a woman of Muslim origin in a Christian land, I am curious about the perspectives of both faiths.
"Everyone shall taste the death" (كُلُّ نَفۡسٖ ذَآئِقَةُ ٱلۡمَوۡتِۗ) says Islam by Quran, 3:185 (Al-Hilali & Khan, 1996). The translation and understanding of the first part are worth attention here. Nefis (Tr), Nəfs, Nəfəs (Az) are originated from arabian Nafs (نَفْس) which is actually the Psyche (Ψυχή) (Deuraseh & Abu Talib, 2005) from Psychology (Psyche-Logos). So the translation Every soul tastes death (Abdel Haleem, 2004) seems closer to the meaning which I hint on this writing. This suggests that death is not just about the end of life, but also involves the soul or psyche. The use of 'taste' in the Quran may imply that death is something we experience, not just a final event, but a part of the ongoing journey of existence.
In Romans 6:23, both the New International Version (NIV) and the King James Bible affirm that death is the natural consequence of sin, illustrating it as a form of spiritual wages. The Russian Synodal translation of this verse (Послание к Римлянам 6:23) echoes this idea, stating, "Ибо возмездие за грех — смерть." This suggests that death is not merely a biological event, but a spiritual consequence of a sin. However, the verse also highlights a crucial contrast between death and the gift of eternal life offered through Jesus Christ, indicating that while death is a natural outcome of sin, salvation and eternal life are freely given through faith in Christ. This dual perspective underscores the transformative power of grace and redemption in the Christian faith.
Both religious perspectives view death as part of a cyclical process, where life transitions into the next stage of existence—not strictly biological. This reflects a continuous journey, implying that death is not an endpoint, but also a beginning in the ongoing cycle of life.
The Apeiron
Philosophical ideas about death often explore the balance between life and death as part of the natural order. Anaximander, as discussed by Park (2005), suggests that anything that disrupts the natural harmony—like floods, diseases, or even the ripple of water after a stone is thrown—will eventually pass, as nature restores its balance. Park summarizes this with the phrase, "Nothing too much," emphasizing that nature, like us, is governed by limits.
The Vertex of Parabola
The parabola is a mathematical curve that symbolizes both descent and ascent, a path that starts high, falls, and reaches its lowest point—its vertex—before rising once again. The vertex, often seen as the point of culmination, represents the lowest point of the curve, akin to the moment of death in life’s journey. Much like a falling object that reaches the zero point, death marks the end of one trajectory. But in the same breath, just as the parabola’s descent is always followed by an upward turn, death does not signify absolute cessation. It is not a true end, but rather a pause before a new beginning.
The vertex, in this sense, mirrors the notion of death as a transformational pause. It marks not only the cessation of the fall but the potential for a fresh start, a rebirth, or a new phase. Life’s cycles mirror this very principle, as even in death, there is the possibility to rise again—whether in the metaphorical continuation of one’s legacy, a new understanding, or an internal transformation. The fall down to the vertex, or the “end,” is simply a necessary part of a larger, unbroken cycle, signaling not just the end, but the beginning of something new.
Psychological Insights into Mental Evolution
Existential Psychology
Existentialism sees death as an inescapable aspect of the human condition that prompts individuals to confront their own mortality and the finite nature of life. This confrontation forces us to reflect on our existence, leading to the freedom and responsibility to define our own meaning and purpose. Death is not an end but a part of a larger narrative where we must create our own values, make choices that align with those values, and live authentically in the face of an indifferent universe.
This approach emphasizes the subjective experience of death as an existential concern. Death is seen as a reminder of life’s inherent meaninglessness and the need for individuals to create their own sense of purpose. Existential psychologists, like Victor Frankl, argue that the search for meaning in life is a way to transcend the reality of death.
The approach of "Eight Ages of Man" by Erikson
Erikson's theory of psychosocial development introduced the idea that individuals go through a series of crises or conflicts across their lifespan. Each stage of life presents a central conflict that must be resolved for healthy psychological development. His work significantly shaped the understanding of life transitions and age-related psychological changes.
Basic Trust vs. Mistrust (infancy) Infants learn to trust or mistrust their caregivers based on their needs being met. Success in this stage leads to feelings of security and trust in the world.
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt (toddlerhood) Toddlers assert their independence, exploring their environment. Successful completion of this stage results in autonomy and confidence.
Initiative vs. Guilt (early childhood) Preschoolers initiate activities and explore their interests. Success leads to a sense of initiative; failure results in guilt over efforts to be independent.
Industry vs. Inferiority (middle childhood) School-age children develop competence in academic and social skills. Success leads to a sense of industry; failure may result in feelings of inferiority.
Identity vs. Role Confusion (adolescence) Adolescents explore different identities to form a personal sense of self. Success leads to a strong sense of identity; failure results in role confusion.
Intimacy vs. Isolation (young adulthood) Young adults form intimate relationships. Success leads to strong relationships; failure results in isolation and loneliness.
Generativity vs. Stagnation (middle adulthood) Adults focus on contributing to society through work, family, or community. Success leads to generativity and a sense of purpose; failure may result in stagnation.
Integrity vs. Despair (late adulthood) Older adults reflect on their life. Success leads to feelings of integrity and satisfaction; failure results in despair and regret.
I suggest approaching these stages not necessarily in an ordinal structure, but rather as spontaneous chapters of adaptation to changing circumstances. At every stage of life, we must take action, recognizing that even non-action is a form of action.
Death as a Reminder to Take an Action
Many people in modern cultures expect death only once, at the end of their biological lives, preferably in old age— when death is not a choice, but an occurrence that we must accept without option. This might be a reason why it is challenging to understand the Ättestupa of Midsommar (Aster, 2019). However, excluding its biological or physical scope, people encounter death more intensely in their lives than is commonly believed. Sleeping every night, being under anesthesia during a surgery might be samples here.
We also encounter metaphorical or symbolic deaths in various aspects of our lives:
Career changes – the loss of professional identity when changing jobs or careers.
Health issues – Surgery, Car crash, Chronic illnesses etc.
End of relationships – breakups, betrayals, or growing apart from close ones.
Shifting family roles – changes in parental identity as children grow up and become independent.
Psychological transformation – the loss of old beliefs or perspectives on life, viewed as a symbolic death.
Social isolation – losing social connections or feeling lonely when relationships or roles end.
Relocation or Moving – Moving to a new place can feel like leaving behind a part of yourself or your past life.
Loss of a Pet – The death of a beloved pet can feel like a symbolic death, marking the end of a chapter.
Divorce – Separating from a spouse can feel like a symbolic death of a shared life and future.
Leaving a Comfort Zone – Moving beyond one’s comfort zone to try something new or face fears can feel like a symbolic ‘death’ of the old self.
Etc.
Welcoming the End & Beginning with Linkin Park
I have always admired the talent of Linkin Park in crafting song lyrics. The level of empathy embedded in his words is astounding, making them resonate with countless situations and emotions. Whether it’s about facing an end, seeking a new beginning, or navigating the in-between, Linkin Park’s music feels like a mirror reflecting our inner struggles and hopes.
So, in this writing, despite the many songs that resonate deeply, I feel a particular connection to Linkin Park’s courage to start from zero. Their ability to share emotions through their symbolic single from the eighth studio album, From Zero, inspires a sense of belonging and renewal.
Stages of grieving
Death is not always unexpected. As we get older, we tend to become more prepared to accept the end of life. In such cases, both those who are leaving and those who are left behind have the opportunity to grieve together by gradually accepting the separation. However, some endings occur without prior notice, such as losing a job, facing betrayal, or experiencing other sudden changes which leads to going through the grieving stages after the occurance of separation.
Each loss is accompanied by grieving, whether it occurs before, during, or after the loss. Kübler-Ross describes the reaction of people to the fact of death through her observations. She notes five stages of grieving by describing mutual patterns of people who face the fact of unavoidable death on her book (Kubler-Ross, 1973).
These stages doesn’t necessarily happen in order, while simetimes the order changes or some stages may even missed or mixed with another. While to understand it better, on her book she groups the common patterns of the stages as below.
Denial and Isolation
Denial serves as a temporary buffer, but meaningful conversations about death should happen when the patient is ready. Patients selectively choose whom to discuss their illness with. Kübler-Ross highlights that reflecting on our own reactions can promote personal growth and improve patient care.
Your blades are sharpened with precision Flashing your favorite point of view I know you're waiting in the distance Just like you always do Already pulling me in Already under my skin And I know exactly how this ends The Emptiness Machine, Linkin Park, 2024
Anger
When faced with catastrophic news, patients often go through denial, anger, and frustration, asking "Why me?" Their anger is frequently directed at family and staff, creating tension. However, when patients feel understood and cared for, their anger subsides. Misinterpreting this anger as a personal attack can escalate hostility
I let you cut me open, just to watch me bleed Gave up who I am for who you wanted me to be Don't know why I'm hoping, so f*cking naive Falling for the promise of the emptiness machine The Emptiness Machine, Linkin Park, 2024
Bargaining
In the third stage, bargaining, terminally ill patients try to delay the inevitable by negotiating and hoping that being “good” will change their fate. This can include promises like performing one last time or dedicating one’s life to a cause, though these are often not kept, similar to a child’s vow to stop fighting.
Going around like a revolver It's been decided how we lose 'Cause there's a fire under the altar I keep on lying to The Emptiness Machine, Linkin Park, 2024
Acceptance
If a patient has had enough time to process their condition and receive support through the stages of grief, they will eventually reach a point where they are neither angry nor depressed about their fate. They will have expressed their feelings—anger, envy, and mourning—and will face their impending death with quiet expectation. At this stage, the patient may feel weak and tired, needing more sleep, not as a way of avoiding pain, but as a natural, increasing desire similar to that of a newborn, marking the end of the struggle without resignation or hopelessness.
Already pulling me in Already under my skin And I know exactly how this ends The Emptiness Machine, Linkin Park, 2024
Depression
Terminally ill patients face deep sadness and guilt as they cope with surgeries, physical losses, and financial burdens. They also experience two types of depression: reactive depression due to external losses and preparatory depression as they prepare for their final separation from life.
The emptiness machine... The Emptiness Machine, Linkin Park, 2024
From Isolation to Overdose: Dani’s Path in Midsommar
Within Ari Aster's Midsommar, we observe two contrasting contexts for Dani's grieving: one before visiting Hårga, and the other during her time in Hårga.
Before arriving at Hårga, Dani’s grief is solitary and suffocating. She is isolated, unsupported, and burdened by the overwhelming loss of her family. The absence of empathetic connections amplifies her emotional void, leaving her adrift in despair.
In Hårga, however, her grief becomes communal and ritualized. The collective mourning practices of the cult provide her with a shared emotional experience. Instead of bearing her pain alone, she is enveloped by a community that mirrors her anguish, validating her feelings and granting her a sense of belonging.
We may also observe a contrast in the visual tone of the scenes, with darkness and light reflecting the shifting context.
So rather adapting to a so-called toxic or healthy environment, adaptation patterns of Dani are similar. It is always a perspective matter to evaluate an environment as if it is healthy or not. What I mean is even poison can become a remedy if taken in a proper dose.
But in Dani's smile at the end of the film, I see the consequences of an overdose. Her so-called happiness is achieved too quickly, through an overwhelming and intense transformation.
Slowly Shaping Meaning: The Value of Small Steps
Everything ends—that’s a fact. The question is, how do we choose to act and live during and after that end?
Unfortunately, Life, circumstances, opportunities, and challenges won’t wait for us to recover first. There’s no way to avoid mistakes, criticism, or the pain of failure in this life. Similarly, there is no life without stress; we can only adapt to it. The key is to listen to your body and your health, to pay attention to your feelings and evaluate your current situation. This is a good way to determine whether you are truly alive or slowly dying inside.
It’s a "perfect denial" (as 30 Seconds to Mars put it in A Beautiful Lie) to believe that the events happening around don’t affect us, or that you have nothing to do with them. It's a "beautiful lie" to expect everything from The Other Side of an event. Even small steps matter when it comes to living a healthy life.
Action doesn’t start with the meaning of life; instead, meaning begins with an imperfect action. Even in scientific psychology, we can only comment on experiments, measurements, and variables after collecting data from the event. The story will always be written based on facts, not intentions.
The bad news is that there’s no way to avoid mistakes, but the good news is that there’s always a chance to correct them. So now, You tell me — what a smallest step are you going to take, just here and now?
I only wanted to be part of something... The Emptiness Machine, Linkin Park, 2024
References:
Aster, A. (Director). (2019). Midsommar [Film]. A24.
Kübler-Ross, E. (1969). On death and dying. Macmillan.
Al-Hilali, M. T., & Khan, M. M. (1996). The Noble Quran: English translation of the meanings and commentary. Darussalam.
Abdel Haleem, M. A. S. (2004). The Quran: A new translation. Oxford University Press.
Quran Online. (б.г.). Сура Аль-Имран (3:185). Получено 28 декабря 2024 года, с https://quran-online.ru/3:185
Bible, Romans 6:23, New International Version. (n.d.). The Bible App. Retrieved from https://www.bible.com/bible/111/ROM.6.NIV
Bible, Romans 6:23, King James Version. (n.d.). King James Bible Online. Retrieved from https://www.kingjamesbibleonline.org/Romans-Chapter-6/#23
Bible.by. (n.d.). Послание к Римлянам 6:23 (Русский Синодальный перевод). Retrieved from https://bible.by/syn/52/6/
Suggested sources:
Genius. (2024, December 4). Linkin Park “The Emptiness Machine” Official Lyrics & Meaning | Genius Verified [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kH8k1Eg8nj0
Kirby. (2024, November 13). Reflections on Midsommar. Midsommary. Retrieved November 13, 2024, from https://midsommary.blogspot.com/
Novum. (2024, May 6). Midsommar - The complete guide (everything explained) [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xZQv1_oosZg
Recent News about Azerbaijan Airlines Flight 8243
CNN. (2024, December 27). Azerbaijan Airlines crash: What we know so far. CNN. https://edition.cnn.com/2024/12/27/asia/azerbaijan-airlines-crash-intl/index.html
DW. (2024, December 27). Azerbaijan Airlines plane crash: Is Russia responsible? DW. https://www.dw.com/en/azerbaijan-airlines-plane-crash-is-russia-responsible/a-71172516
The Sun. (2024, December 27). Azerbaijan Airlines reveals cause of plane crash was Russian missile. The Sun. https://www.thesun.co.uk/news/32500904/azerbaijan-airlines-reveals-cause-plane-crash-russia-missile/
BBC News. (2024, December 27). Azerbaijan Airlines crash: What we know so far. BBC News. https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cn4x3jwlewgo
Reuters. (2024, December 27). Passenger on crashed plane says there was at least one loud bang before it went down. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/passenger-crashed-plane-says-there-was-least-one-loud-bang-before-it-went-down-2024-12-27/
Euronews. (2024, December 26). As more details over Azerbaijan Airlines crash emerge, captain and crew are hailed as heroes. Euronews. https://www.euronews.com/2024/12/26/as-more-details-over-azerbaijan-airlines-crash-emerge-captain-and-crew-are-hailed-as-heroe
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